隨著現代社會與科學技術的不斷發展,筆記本電腦、手機、藍牙耳機、音響、便攜式醫療、智能穿戴等等電子產品得到比較廣泛的應用。而鋰離子電池作為一種綠色電源,因其能量密度高、循環壽命長和自放電率低等優點,被廣泛地應用于各種電子產品中。特別是聚合(he)物鋰離(li)子電池,高溫工作環境(jing)或是帶機存儲(chu)成為廣大(da)客戶對便攜式電子產品的(de)選擇結點。
中山普納斯能源科技有限公司就鋰電池(chi)的(de)環境溫度向大客作以下提示:
1、所有(you)的(de)(de)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)產品,在(zai)使(shi)用或存(cun)貯時,對(dui)環(huan)(huan)境的(de)(de)溫度(du)(du)和濕度(du)(du)均(jun)提出(chu)了嚴(yan)格的(de)(de)要(yao)求。在(zai)所有(you)的(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)境因(yin)素中,溫度(du)(du)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)性能影(ying)響(xiang)最大,在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極/電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液(ye)界面(mian)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)化學反應與環(huan)(huan)境溫度(du)(du)有(you)關,電(dian)(dian)(dian)極/電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液(ye)界面(mian)被視為電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)心臟。如果(guo)溫度(du)(du)下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang),電(dian)(dian)(dian)極的(de)(de)反應率(lv)(lv)也下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang),假設(she)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)保(bao)持恒定(ding),放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流降(jiang)(jiang)低,電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)輸出(chu)也會(hui)下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)。如果(guo)溫度(du)(du)上(shang)(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)則相反,即電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)輸出(chu)功(gong)率(lv)(lv)會(hui)上(shang)(shang)升(sheng)(sheng),溫度(du)(du)也影(ying)響(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)液(ye)的(de)(de)傳送速(su)度(du)(du)溫度(du)(du)上(shang)(shang)升(sheng)(sheng)則加快(kuai)(kuai),傳送溫度(du)(du)下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang),傳送減慢,電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)充放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)性能也會(hui)受(shou)到影(ying)響(xiang)。但溫度(du)(du)太高,超(chao)過限(xian)定(ding)高溫,會(hui)破壞電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)內的(de)(de)化學平衡,導(dao)致(zhi)副反應。過高的(de)(de)環(huan)(huan)境濕度(du)(du)會(hui)使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)自放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)速(su)度(du)(du)加快(kuai)(kuai),不利(li)于電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)長期保(bao)存(cun)甚(shen)至(zhi)短路
2、一般(ban)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)存儲溫度(du)為-10℃到45℃,而聚合物(wu)鋰電(dian)池(chi)適用(yong)的(de)(de)溫度(du)度(du)及存儲溫度(du)較為寬松:-20℃到60℃;
3、不合適的溫濕度環境可(ke)導致(zhi)以下問題(ti)出現:
1) 過低(di)環境溫度有(you)可能(neng)造成電池無電壓輸出,導致不能(neng)開機
2)
充放電溫度在-20°C以下和60°C以上時,電池的充電效率會下降,因而數字報的電池放電時也不能達其設計容量。甚至出現因性能劣化導致的電池漏液。
短期儲存:將電池儲存在干燥、無腐蝕性氣體、溫濕度在-20°C~35℃ 65±20%之間的地方,高于或低于此溫濕度會使電池金屬部件生銹或電池出現泄漏。
長期(qi)(qi)儲存(cun) :由于(yu)長期(qi)(qi)儲存(cun)會加速電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)自放電(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)活(huo)性物質鈍(dun)化,環境溫濕度(du)為10°C~30℃ 65±20%之間比(bi)較合適,同時為降低電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)長期(qi)(qi)儲存(cun)(如(ru)一年以(yi)上(shang))造成的自放電(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)活(huo)性物質鈍(dun)化帶(dai)來的負影(ying)響,電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)每三個月需(xu)做一次充放電(dian)(dian)(dian)循環,以(yi)恢復其原(yuan)有性能。
4、鋰電池(chi)正確使用方法
1) 通常鋰電(dian)池有比(bi)較完備的(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)功(gong)能(neng)(帶有保(bao)(bao)護(hu)板),對電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時(shi)沒(mei)有太多的(de)要求(qiu),但(dan)為防止保(bao)(bao)護(hu)板過充(chong)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)功(gong)能(neng)失效造成(cheng)的(de)安全(quan)問題(ti),不建議長時(shi)間的(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian),電(dian)(dian)池(chi)充(chong)飽后即取出.
2) 另外充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時必須(xu)使用(yong)原裝(zhuang)或電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)所(suo)附帶(dai)的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi),并按說明進行操作和使用(yong),否則可能損(sun)壞電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)甚至發(fa)生危險;鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)過熱爆(bao)炸(zha)著火的幾率比(bi)其(qi)他類型(xing)的電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)高很(hen)多,充(chong)電(dian)(dian)時電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)或充(chong)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)附不要有(you)易燃(ran)易爆(bao)物(wu)品,如:報紙雜志等。
3) 電(dian)池(chi)外兩端(duan)連(lian)接在(zai)任何導體上都會(hui)造成(cheng)外部短路(lu),電(dian)池(chi)類型(xing)不(bu)同,短路(lu)有可能(neng)(neng)帶來(lai)不(bu)同嚴重程度的(de)后果。如:電(dian)池(chi)無(wu)法使用、漏液、爆(bao)炸(zha)等,請勿將電(dian)池(chi)放(fang)入潮濕的(de)環境,且不(bu)能(neng)(neng)與導體混放(fang),如口袋(dai)中同時放(fang)入鑰匙、電(dian)池(chi),均可能(neng)(neng)會(hui)造成(cheng)短路(lu)。
4) 在極度(du)寒冷的(de)天氣(qi)下盡量避免(mian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)戶(hu)外出(chu)現,注意(yi)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)外面的(de)溫(wen)度(du);電(dian)(dian)池(chi)低(di)溫(wen)環(huan)境中存(cun)放可以(yi)減緩(huan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)自身放電(dian)(dian)率,但要注意(yi)在使用前避免(mian)露水(shui)。
5) 良(liang)好的使用習慣(guan)