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目前鋰離子電池的(de)疊(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)技術路線主要分為4類：切疊(die)一體(ti)、Z字型疊(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)、熱復(fu)合(he)疊(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)和卷疊(die)一體(ti)。其中Z字型疊(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)和切疊(die)一體(ti)本質均為Z字型疊(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)，也是(shi)國內應(ying)用較(jiao)為廣泛的(de)疊(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)工(gong)藝；熱復(fu)合(he)疊(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)最大的(de)特點為實(shi)現正(zheng)極(ji)、負極(ji)和隔膜一次性(xing)完全切片(pian)(pian)(pian)堆疊(die)，有效提高了疊(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)及電芯(xin)的(de)質量(liang)和生產速率(lv)，相對而言技術難度更高。

一、切疊一體技術

切(qie)(qie)(qie)疊(die)(die)(die)一(yi)體(ti)(ti)技(ji)術(shu)本質(zhi)上(shang)(shang)依(yi)舊為(wei)(wei)Z型疊(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)技(ji)術(shu)，作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)Z型疊(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)改良(liang)(liang)，逐漸成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)發展趨勢，其優點(dian)在(zai)于提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)良(liang)(liang)率和(he)疊(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)效率。1、提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)良(liang)(liang)率：電池(chi)在(zai)不(bu)同工(gong)序轉(zhuan)運(yun)過程中(zhong)(zhong)容易發生損傷(shang)，將多個環節(jie)集中(zhong)(zhong)到一(yi)臺設備(bei)上(shang)(shang)，就(jiu)能夠在(zai)工(gong)藝流程上(shang)(shang)減(jian)少電池(chi)損傷(shang)的(de)(de)可能性。過去傳統(tong)的(de)(de)生產方式為(wei)(wei)疊(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)機(ji)從料盒中(zhong)(zhong)取切(qie)(qie)(qie)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)進(jin)行(xing)疊(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)。取片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)過程中(zhong)(zhong)可能會發生磕碰和(he)極耳翻(fan)折(zhe)，而切(qie)(qie)(qie)疊(die)(die)(die)一(yi)體(ti)(ti)機(ji)將極片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)模切(qie)(qie)(qie)/激光(guang)切(qie)(qie)(qie)、Z 字型疊(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)機(ji)、貼(tie)膠熱壓機(ji)三類(lei)機(ji)型進(jin)行(xing)整合，解決了(le)折(zhe)彎和(he)吸片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)的(de)(de)問題，通(tong)過減(jian)少上(shang)(shang)下(xia)料、轉(zhuan)運(yun)工(gong)序，減(jian)少磕碰、提(ti)(ti)高(gao)良(liang)(liang)率。2、提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)疊(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)效率：切(qie)(qie)(qie)疊(die)(die)(die)一(yi)體(ti)(ti)機(ji)將正負極片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)和(he)隔(ge)膜同時收放，在(zai)主疊(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)臺或擺(bai)桿作(zuo)用下(xia)，呈(cheng)Z字型折(zhe)疊(die)(die)(die)，當疊(die)(die)(die)放至設定片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)數后，隔(ge)膜裁(cai)切(qie)(qie)(qie)貼(tie)膠，再熱壓成(cheng)電芯，如(ru)先導智能最高(gao)疊(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)效率達800PPM（0.075s/pcs），利元亨高(gao)速切(qie)(qie)(qie)疊(die)(die)(die)一(yi)體(ti)(ti)機(ji)的(de)(de)疊(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)速度達 0.15s/pcs（三工(gong)位）。

二、Z字型疊片技(ji)術

Z型疊(die)片技術是目前較為常見的一種疊(die)片工藝，通過可(ke)移(yi)動(dong)疊(die)片臺(tai)拉動(dong)隔膜在(zai)疊(die)片平(ping)臺(tai)之間來(lai)回(hui)移(yi)動(dong)，實現正極極片和負極極片的交叉堆(dui)疊(die)。
Z 型疊(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)技術的問題在于隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)容(rong)易(yi)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)且(qie)堆疊(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)效率(lv)不(bu)(bu)高。1、隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)容(rong)易(yi)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)：Z 型疊(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)技術隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)會(hui)隨可(ke)移動疊(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)臺(tai)左(zuo)右擺(bai)動，隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)擺(bai)軸容(rong)易(yi)造成(cheng)不(bu)(bu)對稱，導致(zhi)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)不(bu)(bu)一致(zhi)；隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)張(zhang)力每次從零到最大(da)，導致(zhi)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)拉伸不(bu)(bu)一致(zhi)、變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)，同時(shi)(shi)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)的孔隙率(lv)、平均(jun)孔徑、比表(biao)面積都(dou)會(hui)有(you)較大(da)的變(bian)(bian)化，影(ying)響(xiang)電(dian)芯質量。2、堆疊(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)效率(lv)不(bu)(bu)高：在疊(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)過程中，需(xu)(xu)要擺(bai)動隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)來疊(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)放極(ji)片(pian)(pian)(pian)、避讓隔(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)膜(mo)(mo)(mo)交替進行，增加(jia)了(le)單次疊(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)所需(xu)(xu)要的時(shi)(shi)間，同時(shi)(shi)只能(neng)實現單片(pian)(pian)(pian)堆疊(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)，疊(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)效率(lv)很(hen)難(nan)有(you)大(da)的提升，一般為(wei) 0.5s/pcs/工(gong)位(wei)，若電(dian)池(chi)極(ji)片(pian)(pian)(pian)層(ceng)數為(wei)30 層(ceng)，則完成(cheng)一個電(dian)池(chi)的時(shi)(shi)間為(wei) 15 秒，則一分鐘(zhong)內能(neng)完成(cheng) 4 個電(dian)池(chi)，即(ji)效率(lv)僅(jin)有(you) 4PPM。

三、熱復合(he)疊片(pian)技術

熱(re)(re)復合(he)疊(die)片(pian)(pian)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)工作原理為正(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)卷料、負極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)卷料、隔(ge)(ge)膜(mo)同時進料，在進入(ru)加熱(re)(re)裝置前，正(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)片(pian)(pian)、負極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)片(pian)(pian)通(tong)過(guo)切刀(dao)裁切成所需尺寸的(de)(de)單個極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)片(pian)(pian)，正(zheng)(zheng)極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)片(pian)(pian)、負極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)片(pian)(pian)、隔(ge)(ge)膜(mo)的(de)(de)組合(he)體在輥(gun)輪的(de)(de)作用下進入(ru)加熱(re)(re)系(xi)統。加熱(re)(re)后(hou)再進行熱(re)(re)輥(gun)壓、切刀(dao)，將隔(ge)(ge)膜(mo)切斷，形成單個的(de)(de)疊(die)片(pian)(pian)單元，然后(hou)通(tong)過(guo)機(ji)(ji)械裝置將單個疊(die)片(pian)(pian)單元堆疊(die)在一起，之后(hou)再對(dui)疊(die)片(pian)(pian)堆進行熱(re)(re)平(ping)壓，形成極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)芯。熱(re)(re)復合(he)一體機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)隔(ge)(ge)膜(mo)為涂(tu)膠隔(ge)(ge)膜(mo)，受熱(re)(re)有粘(zhan)性。烘烤(kao)后(hou)的(de)(de)正(zheng)(zheng)負極(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)片(pian)(pian)與(yu)隔(ge)(ge)膜(mo)熱(re)(re)復合(he)，隨(sui)后(hou)經(jing)輥(gun)壓，裁切成復合(he)單元。然后(hou)有機(ji)(ji)械手將其轉(zhuan)移(yi)至疊(die)片(pian)(pian)臺進行疊(die)片(pian)(pian)。疊(die)完后(hou)熱(re)(re)壓，再進行貼膠。

熱(re)復(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)疊(die)(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)機(ji)極片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)和隔膜(mo)(mo)(mo)同(tong)時收放，能(neng)(neng)夠避免 Z 字型(xing)疊(die)(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)隔膜(mo)(mo)(mo)變(bian)形等問(wen)題(ti)。熱(re)復(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)疊(die)(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)工藝中(zhong)，隔膜(mo)(mo)(mo)和極片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)所受(shou)的(de)拉(la)力(li)方向(xiang)始終不變(bian)、速度(du)保持均(jun)勻，相(xiang)對于卷繞工藝過程(cheng)中(zhong)拉(la)力(li)不斷變(bian)化、Z型(xing)疊(die)(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)的(de)拉(la)力(li)周期性變(bian)化和擺(bai)動，熱(re)復(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)式疊(die)(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)機(ji)在生(sheng)(sheng)產過程(cheng)中(zhong)連續單(dan)方向(xiang)輸送、速度(du)和張力(li)控制穩定，生(sheng)(sheng)產的(de)極芯界面平整，隔膜(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)機(ji)械性能(neng)(neng)、孔隙(xi)率、平均(jun)孔徑、極片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)與隔膜(mo)(mo)(mo)界面等均(jun)勻一(yi)致，電(dian)(dian)芯質量更高(gao)。熱(re)復(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)疊(die)(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)技(ji)術(shu)難度(du)比Z 型(xing)疊(die)(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)更高(gao)，適(shi)合(he)(he)高(gao)能(neng)(neng)量密度(du)大電(dian)(dian)芯。熱(re)復(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)疊(die)(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)機(ji)比Z型(xing)疊(die)(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)多熱(re)復(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)和輥壓(ya)等工序，技(ji)術(shu)難度(du)更高(gao)，后(hou)期注液等工序難度(du)更大；熱(re)復(fu)(fu)合(he)(he)疊(die)(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)機(ji)同(tong)時集成制片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)、疊(die)(die)(die)(die)片(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)、熱(re)壓(ya)一(yi)體，高(gao)效節能(neng)(neng)、省空間(jian)，更適(shi)用于高(gao)能(neng)(neng)量密度(du)大電(dian)(dian)芯。

四(si)、卷疊(die)一體(ti)技術

LG 享有 Stack & Folding 專利，不對外出售(shou)，設(she)備商為(wei)德國 MANZ，其(qi)工藝流程一般(ban)是先將正(zheng)負極片(pian)(pian)裁切成單元，并通過對轉(zhuan)臺與升降吸盤的(de)設(she)置(zhi)，分(fen)別貼在隔膜上；然后(hou)用卷繞(rao)的(de)方式(shi)將極片(pian)(pian)分(fen)別包裹起來(lai)，實(shi)現兩(liang)組正(zheng)負極片(pian)(pian)相間(jian)疊放(fang)，速度和效率較高。

根據 LG 新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)官(guan)網，LG 的(de) Stack & Folding 專(zhuan)利(li)將(jiang)一(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)正極(ji)、一(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)負極(ji)和(he)一(yi)(yi)片(pian)(pian)隔(ge)膜堆疊組(zu)成 Bi-cell 后，再(zai)將(jiang)多個 Bi-cell 折疊組(zu)成一(yi)(yi)個電池(chi)。在正負極(ji)片(pian)(pian)之(zhi)間 LG 新(xin)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)還利(li)用(yong)其專(zhuan)有的(de) SRS（Safety Reinforced Separator）隔(ge)膜，該技術是在隔(ge)膜上涂覆陶瓷并加熱來(lai)增加機(ji)械強度(du)，從而防止(zhi)內部短路，大(da)大(da)提(ti)高了電池(chi)安全性和(he)性能(neng)(neng)。